Lake C R, Moriarty K M, Alagna S W
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1984 Dec;7(4):657-70.
The general outline of a psychiatric diagnostic interview given in Table 1 includes some broad suggestions for the amount of time to spend on each section. As a structured interview based on a symptom checklist questionnaire yields higher frequency of reports of symptoms, it is advisable to follow this type of format rather than a totally unstructured interview technique. Sim recommends a structured format that lends itself to computerization. Griest and colleagues suggest a computer interview, and there are data supporting the diagnostic accuracy of such a system. Within the framework of any diagnostic interview, a thorough exploration of the 10 critical elements listed in Table 5 is essential for accurate diagnosis. This information, which is usually obtainable in about 30 minutes, will enable the clinician to make a preliminary diagnosis, decide upon pharmacotherapy, and determine if hospitalization is warranted. A more intensive but lengthy and time-consuming structured diagnostic interview is the Schedule for Affective Disorders (SADS), which is more appropriate for inpatients or patients being considered for a research protocol.
表1中给出的精神科诊断访谈的总体大纲包括了关于在每个部分花费时间的一些大致建议。由于基于症状清单问卷的结构化访谈会产生更高频率的症状报告，因此建议采用这种格式，而不是完全非结构化的访谈技术。西姆推荐了一种便于计算机化的结构化格式。格里斯特及其同事建议采用计算机访谈，并且有数据支持这种系统的诊断准确性。在任何诊断访谈的框架内，对表5中列出的10个关键要素进行深入探究对于准确诊断至关重要。这些信息通常在大约30分钟内即可获取，这将使临床医生能够做出初步诊断、决定药物治疗方案，并确定是否需要住院治疗。一种更深入但冗长且耗时的结构化诊断访谈是情感障碍日程表（SADS），它更适合住院患者或正在考虑纳入研究方案的患者。
