Bailey W C
Chest. 1983 Nov;84(5):625-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.84.5.625.
The most common disease patterns produced by atypical mycobacteria are pulmonary disease, cervical lymphadenitis, and infection of soft tissue, bones, and joints. The treatment of disease due to atypical mycobacteria can be confusing unless one clearly differentiates the organisms according to clinical characteristics and response to various chemotherapeutic agents. For this reason, we have attempted to simplify the task by proposing a new classification system. The organisms that might be isolated from human material are divided into the following three classes: nonpathogens; those that are easy to treat with standard mycobacterial therapy; and finally, those that are difficult to treat with standard mycobacterial therapy and require other approaches. This new system of classification should help the clinician in dealing with these organisms. Because even the pathogens may sometimes appear as a contaminant in human material, including sputum, one must document that these organisms are associated with disease prior to instituting therapy.
非结核分枝杆菌引起的最常见疾病类型是肺部疾病、颈部淋巴结炎以及软组织、骨骼和关节感染。除非根据临床特征和对各种化疗药物的反应明确区分这些病原体，否则非结核分枝杆菌所致疾病的治疗可能会令人困惑。因此，我们试图通过提出一种新的分类系统来简化这项任务。可能从人体材料中分离出的病原体分为以下三类：非病原体；用标准抗分枝杆菌疗法易于治疗的病原体；最后是用标准抗分枝杆菌疗法难以治疗且需要其他方法的病原体。这种新的分类系统应有助于临床医生处理这些病原体。由于即使是病原体有时也可能在包括痰液在内的人体材料中表现为污染物，因此在开始治疗之前必须证明这些病原体与疾病有关。
