Nolan K A, Caramazza A
Brain Lang. 1983 Nov;20(2):305-28. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(83)90047-0.
In tests of her ability to produce written and spoken language, this deep dyslexic patient produced semantic, visual, and derivational errors, including functor substitutions, and exhibited part-of-speech and abstractness effects in oral reading, oral and written naming, and writing to dictation, but not in repetition of single words and copying from memory. This patient therefore provides confirmation of the hypothesis presented in Nolan and Caramazza (1982) that the defining symptoms of deep dyslexia will be observed in responses to any task which requires lexical mediation. The patient's written responses in all tasks but direct copying were characterized by spelling errors which included transpositions, omissions, substitutions, and additions of letters. A model of writing is proposed which explains these errors in terms of a disruption of a phoneme-grapheme conversion process which normally functions to prevent decay of information from a Graphemic Buffer.
在对她的书面和口语能力进行测试时，这位深度阅读障碍患者出现了语义、视觉和派生错误，包括功能词替换，并且在朗读、口头和书面命名以及听写写作中表现出词性和抽象性效应，但在单字重复和记忆抄写中未出现。因此，该患者证实了诺兰和卡拉马扎（1982年）提出的假设，即深度阅读障碍的典型症状将在任何需要词汇中介的任务反应中被观察到。除了直接抄写外，该患者在所有任务中的书面反应都以拼写错误为特征，这些错误包括字母的换位、遗漏、替换和添加。本文提出了一个写作模型，该模型从音素-字素转换过程的中断角度解释了这些错误，该过程通常起到防止信息从字素缓冲器中衰减的作用。
