Zanetti A R, Magliano E M, Tanzi E, Ferroni P, Pirovano G, Pizzocolo G, Pillan N, Zunin C
Dev Biol Stand. 1983;54:383-9.
Screening of 12 965 pregnant women revealed a prevalence of HBsAg carriers of 3.5%. Of these 4.8% were positive for HBeAg, 92.1% for anti-HBe and 3.1% were HBeAg/anti-HBe negative. Babies born to HBeAg positive mothers were found to be at extremely high risk of acquiring HBV infection and of developing a chronic carrier state, while those born to anti-HBe positive mothers were at lower yet consistent risk of infection and none of them became chronic carriers. Starting from October 1980 babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers were submitted to HBIG treatment. Babies born to anti-HBe mothers received two 0.2 ml/kg doses i.m. at birth and at one month of age, while babies born to HBeAg positive mothers were injected again at 3 and 6 months. After a prolonged follow-up it emerged that: 1) HBIG treatment was of some efficacy in preventing HBsAg chronic carrier state following perinatal transmission of HBV; 2) HBIG treatment rather than preventing HBV infection delayed its onset; 3) interruption of transmission of HBV may also be useful in preventing delta infection since this can occur only in circumstances that permit transmission of HBV infection.
对12965名孕妇进行筛查发现，乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者的患病率为3.5%。其中，4.8%的人HBeAg呈阳性，92.1%的人抗-HBe呈阳性，3.1%的人HBeAg/抗-HBe呈阴性。研究发现，HBeAg阳性母亲所生的婴儿感染乙肝病毒（HBV）并发展为慢性携带者状态的风险极高，而抗-HBe阳性母亲所生的婴儿感染风险较低但持续存在，且无一例成为慢性携带者。从1980年10月起，HBsAg携带者母亲所生的婴儿接受乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG）治疗。抗-HBe母亲所生的婴儿在出生时和1月龄时各接受两次肌肉注射，每次剂量为0.2 ml/kg，而HBeAg阳性母亲所生的婴儿在3个月和6个月时再次注射。经过长期随访发现：1）HBIG治疗在预防围产期HBV传播后乙肝表面抗原慢性携带者状态方面有一定疗效；2）HBIG治疗并非预防HBV感染，而是延迟了感染的发生；3）阻断HBV传播在预防丁型肝炎感染方面也可能有用，因为丁型肝炎感染仅在允许HBV感染传播的情况下才会发生。
