Goodwin C D, Ashcraft K W, Holder T M, Johnson F R, Amoury R A
J Pediatr Surg. 1978 Jun;13(3):269-73. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(78)80399-6.
Ninety cases of esophageal atresia (EA) with double tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) from the literature and 4 new cases are examined. The incidence may be more common than is generally recognized with incidences up to 5.3% reported. The pre-, intra-, and postoperative diagnosis may be difficult, and half have been missed initially with almost half of these being first recognized at autopsy. During repair of EA and TEF the proximal esophagus should be mobilized looking for a proximal fistula. Many proximal TEF are missed at the initial operation and discovered in the postoperative period. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the unrecognized proximal TEF are similar to that for isolated TEF. Results should be good since this problem occurs in large babies with fewer and less complex associated conditions.
对文献中90例伴有双气管食管瘘（TEF）的食管闭锁（EA）病例以及4例新病例进行了研究。其发病率可能比普遍认为的更为常见，报道的发病率高达5.3%。术前、术中和术后的诊断可能都很困难，半数病例最初会被漏诊，其中近一半是在尸检时才首次被发现。在修复EA和TEF时，应游离近端食管以寻找近端瘘。许多近端TEF在初次手术时被漏诊，在术后才被发现。未被识别的近端TEF的症状、诊断和治疗与孤立性TEF相似。由于这个问题发生在较大的婴儿身上，且相关合并症较少且不太复杂，因此结果应该较好。
