White N, Major R
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1978 May;8(5):565-71. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(78)90389-1.
When rats self-stimulate immediately after the training trial of an appetitive task their performance on a retention test is improved the next day. In the present study, this improvement was blocked by pretraining injections of pimozide, a dopaminergic blocker. In a second experiment, injections of pimozide retarded learning on the same task when the learning was reinforced by drinking water, but had no effect on learning which occurred in the absence of a reinforcer. The data made the hypotheses that the animal's behavior was a result of an action of primozide on sensory or motor mechanisms, or that the drug produced state-dependent effects, highly unlikely. We concluded that neural systems involving dopamine mediate an effect of reinforcing events on behavior.
当大鼠在一项偏好性任务的训练试验后立即进行自我刺激时，它们在次日的记忆测试中的表现会得到改善。在本研究中，这种改善被训练前注射多巴胺能阻滞剂匹莫齐特所阻断。在第二个实验中，当通过饮水强化学习时，注射匹莫齐特会延缓在同一任务上的学习，但对在没有强化物的情况下发生的学习没有影响。这些数据使得以下假设极不可能成立：动物的行为是匹莫齐特对感觉或运动机制作用的结果，或者该药物产生了状态依赖性效应。我们得出结论，涉及多巴胺的神经系统介导了强化事件对行为的影响。
