Buccafusco J J, Brezenoff H E
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1980;67(3):249-54. doi: 10.1007/BF00431265.
Microinjection of carbachol into the posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PHN) of freely moving rats evoked marked behavioral changes characterized by an escape reaction. This response was quantitated by measuring locomotor activity. In contrast, cholinergic stimulation of the PHN with neostigmine produced sedation and inactivity. Local pretreatment with the nicotinic receptor blocking agent mecamylamine blocked the excitatory effects of carbachol while the muscarinic antagonist atropine abolished the inhibitory effect of neostigmine on motor activity. It is concluded that behavioral changes evoked through cholinergic stimulation of the PHN may be mediated by a muscarinic system which controls sedation and a nicotinic pathway which mediates arousal.
向自由活动大鼠的下丘脑后核（PHN）微量注射卡巴胆碱会引发以逃避反应为特征的明显行为变化。通过测量运动活性对这种反应进行定量。相比之下，用新斯的明对PHN进行胆碱能刺激会产生镇静和活动减少。用烟碱受体阻断剂美加明进行局部预处理可阻断卡巴胆碱的兴奋作用，而毒蕈碱拮抗剂阿托品则消除了新斯的明对运动活性的抑制作用。得出的结论是，通过对PHN进行胆碱能刺激引起的行为变化可能由控制镇静的毒蕈碱系统和介导觉醒的烟碱途径介导。
