Kopelovich L
Prog Clin Biol Res. 1983;115:131-45.
It is currently believed that normal genes, presumably in the class of tissue differentiation genes (proto-oncogenes), are responsible for the malignant transformation of human cells. As such, they cannot be appropriately used to identify individuals at risk for cancer. Based on our experience with a cell system from patients with adenomatosis of the colon and rectum (ACR), we suggest that predisposition to cancer can best be detected as a global syndrome at the phenotypic level. The ability to distinguish a cancer predisposed person from a normal individual in well-defined populations should qualify a test as "cancer specific". An underlying assumption in these studies is that predisposition to cancer, in general, is associated with an autosomal dominant trait in obligatory heterozygote gene carriers.
目前认为，正常基因，可能属于组织分化基因（原癌基因）类别，是人类细胞恶性转化的原因。因此，它们不能适当地用于识别有患癌风险的个体。基于我们对来自结肠和直肠腺瘤病（ACR）患者的细胞系统的经验，我们认为，癌症易感性最好在表型水平作为一种整体综合征来检测。在明确界定的人群中，将癌症易感者与正常个体区分开来的能力应使一项检测符合“癌症特异性”。这些研究中的一个基本假设是，一般来说，癌症易感性与必需杂合子基因携带者中的常染色体显性性状相关。
