Rothberg J M, Chloupek R J
Am J Public Health. 1978 Aug;68(8):743-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.68.8.743.
This study evaluates the military performance of soldiers who were identified by the Army's urine screening program as having used drugs at the time they reported for active duty. The study used prospectively defined cohorts of large size (over 1,600 urinalysis positive and over 2,400 urinalysis negative entering males) and used longitudinal outcome measures drawn from existing medical and personnel files. The major findings are that the urinalysis positive individuals were significantly more likely not to complete their tour of duty, were more likely to be hospitalized, and had more bed-days per hospitalization than their urinalysis negative fellow soldiers. In terms of cohorts entering the Army, however, minimal improvement in outcome was found by considering an entirely drug-free cohort (obtained by omitting the urinalysis positive individuals) compared to a random cohort which contained positives at the then current prevalence of 2 per cent.
本研究评估了那些在报到服现役时被陆军尿液筛查项目认定使用过毒品的士兵的军事表现。该研究使用了前瞻性定义的大规模队列（超过1600名尿液分析呈阳性的入伍男性和超过2400名尿液分析呈阴性的入伍男性），并采用了从现有医疗和人事档案中提取的纵向结局指标。主要研究结果是，尿液分析呈阳性的个体比尿液分析呈阴性的战友更有可能未完成服役期，更有可能住院，且每次住院的卧床天数更多。然而，就入伍的队列而言，与当时患病率为2%的随机队列（其中包含尿液分析呈阳性的个体）相比，考虑一个完全无毒品的队列（通过剔除尿液分析呈阳性的个体获得），未发现结局有显著改善。
