Nielsen H C, Torday J S
Lab Anim. 1983 Apr;17(2):148-50. doi: 10.1258/002367783780959411.
Fetal sex can be accurately and rapidly assessed in fetuses of 24 days gestation to term (31 days) by examination of the gonads. At 24 days both testis and ovary are a few millimeters below the kidney. With advancing gestation the testis descends markedly so that by 28 days it lies in the lowest region of the retroperitoneum. The ovary descends only slightly, never reaching a position more than halfway between the kidney and the bottom of the retroperitoneal space. The testis is larger, thicker, kidney-bean shaped and has an epididymis. The ovary is longer, thinner, rice grain-shaped and has a Fallopian tube. The character of the blood supply to the gonads also provides useful supporting information in determining fetal sex. Histological examination was used in 127 fetuses to evaluate the accuracy of anatomical identification of fetal sex and detected 2 errors (1.6%).
通过检查性腺，可在妊娠24天至足月（31天）的胎儿中准确、快速地评估胎儿性别。在24天时，睾丸和卵巢都位于肾脏下方几毫米处。随着妊娠进展，睾丸明显下降，到28天时，它位于腹膜后最低区域。卵巢仅略有下降，从未到达肾脏与腹膜后间隙底部之间一半以上的位置。睾丸更大、更厚，呈蚕豆形，有附睾。卵巢更长、更薄，呈米粒形，有输卵管。性腺的血液供应特征在确定胎儿性别方面也提供了有用的辅助信息。对127例胎儿进行组织学检查，以评估胎儿性别的解剖学鉴定准确性，发现2例错误（1.6%）。
