Roscoe D E, Huffman J E
Avian Dis. 1982 Jan-Mar;26(1):214-24.
Ulcerative hemorrhagic enteritis of swans induced by Sphaeridiotrema globulus is enzootic at Lake Musconetcong in northern New Jersey. It accounted for a calculated 250 deaths of wild mute swans (Cygnus olor) between 1970 and 1980. The swans died primarily in the winter and early spring. Sites of infection included the jejunum and ileum. Trematodes singly or in groups ulcerated the intestines. Severe hemorrhage from damaged submucosal capillaries provided a blood meal for the parasites and probably precipitated the anemia observed. The intensity of fatal infections ranged from 20 to 870 parasites. A mononuclear periportal hepatitis and secondary nodules in the spleen were commonly observed. Affected swans exhibited muscular weakness and appeared to have died from hypovolemic shock or some complication associated with it.
由球形双盘吸虫引起的天鹅溃疡性出血性肠炎在新泽西州北部的马斯孔奈孔湖呈地方流行性。据计算，1970年至1980年间有250只野生疣鼻天鹅（Cygnus olor）死于该病。天鹅主要在冬季和早春死亡。感染部位包括空肠和回肠。吸虫单独或成群地使肠道发生溃疡。受损黏膜下毛细血管的严重出血为寄生虫提供了血餐，可能导致了所观察到的贫血。致命感染的强度范围为20至870条寄生虫。常见单核细胞性门静脉周围肝炎和脾脏继发性结节。受感染的天鹅表现出肌肉无力，似乎死于低血容量性休克或与之相关的一些并发症。
