Biomechanical approach to the treatment of foot problems.

A biomechanical approach is essential to proper diagnosis of foot and ankle problems. With full knowledge of how the average or neutral foot and/or ankle functions, one can then readily "spot" variations from these "norms", and thus gain significant clues in solving your patient's complaints. This requires careful observation and recording of attitudes in stance, gait at various speeds, and ranges of motion in small and larger joints. The author has attempted to point out the pertinent methods of such examinations, the range of "norms" based on scientific data, and how to interpret the variations from these "norms". Furthermore, once your diagnosis has been established, this biomechanical analysis of your patients' specific complaints and findings, coupled with your patients' activities and goals, will influence your office and presurgical planning.