Keane J F, Fellows K E, Lang P, Fyler D C
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1982;8(2):201-8. doi: 10.1002/ccd.1810080212.
Retrograde arterial catheterization was performed in 105 infants and small children (median age 6 mo) using a 3.2 French pigtail catheter made of ultrathin walled white Teflon. Three catheter lengths were used, (40, 50, and 65 cm). Pressure recordings and ease of sampling were judged excellent in all. All 118 angiograms (60 ventricular) were performed without complication except for two episodes of external catheter rupture. Angiographic quality was rated excellent in 41%, good in 39%, fair in 18%, and poor in only 2%. Among the 81 patients in whom only this catheter was used percutaneously, pedal pulses were lost in 5%. Postcatheterization testing identified ranges of volume and flow-rate characteristics which included 8 ml at 15 ml/sec (40 cm length), at 11 ml/sec (50 cm length), and at 9 ml/sec (65 cm catheter). We conclude that this small catheter is relatively safe and satisfactory for retrograde catheterization of infants and small children.
对105例婴幼儿（中位年龄6个月）进行了逆行动脉插管，使用的是由超薄壁白色聚四氟乙烯制成的3.2法式猪尾导管。使用了三种导管长度（40、50和65厘米）。压力记录和采样的便利性在所有病例中均被判定为极佳。除了两例导管外部破裂外，所有118例血管造影（60例心室造影）均未出现并发症。血管造影质量评级为优秀的占41%，良好的占39%，中等的占18%，差的仅占2%。在仅经皮使用这种导管的81例患者中，5%的患者足背动脉搏动消失。导管插入术后测试确定了容量和流速特征范围，包括40厘米长导管在15毫升/秒时为8毫升，50厘米长导管在11毫升/秒时，65厘米长导管在9毫升/秒时。我们得出结论，这种小导管对婴幼儿逆行插管相对安全且令人满意。
