The current status of diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx.

We have reviewed current thoughts on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx. Early diagnosis remains the key to successful treatment providing high cure rates and optimal function. Combined therapy (surgery, irradiation, and possibly adjuvant chemotherapy) is preferred in more advanced stage III and IV disease. Partial laryngectomies are oncologically sound when applied in appropriately selected patients and, when total laryngectomy is required, a simple endoscopic procedure has improved the outlook for speech rehabilitation. Reconstruction following laryngopharyngectomy has been strengthened by the advent of the myocutaneous flaps, and gastropharyngeal anastomosis provides for adequate excision of cancers involving the esophagus and immediate restoration of function.