Wicker P, Tarazi R C
Cardiovasc Res. 1982 Oct;16(10):580-6. doi: 10.1093/cvr/16.10.580.
Since left atrial (LA) injection of microspheres has been shown to give more precise coronary blood flow (CBF) determinations, and also since studies in a conscious state have obvious advantages, we have developed a technique of chronic LA catheterisation for these purposes in rats. Through a thoracotomy in the third left intercostal space, the LA appendage was cannulated and a catheter (PE-10 tubing) advanced into the left atrium. The catheter itself was passed through the chest and exteriorised at the back of the neck. Following recovery over 24 to 48 h, flow studies with microspheres could be performed for 3 to 8 days. One-hundred and twenty procedures performed over a 4 month period were analysed. Left atrial catheterisation could be performed in approximately 45 min with no bleeding in 79% of cases and only minimal or moderate bleeding in the rest (13% and 4%, respectively); respiratory complications were rare (less than 1%). The rats recovered rapidly, and all catheters remained patent for the duration of the preparation. Infections developed in 5% and the total mortality rate was 7%; a complete haemodynamic study could be obtained in 130/120 rats (86%). Small renal infarcts were found in 25% of the rats, but neither the infarcts nor the intraoperative blood loss had any significant effect on haemodynamic indices and flow measurements performed 3 to 8 days after atrial catheterisation. Coronary blood flow values in 33 normal rats were within the range of values reported in the literature. These results demonstrate that chronic LA catheterisation is possible in rats with no major difficulties and will allow the precise determination of coronary blood flow with microspheres in conscious animals.
由于经证实向左心房（LA）注射微球能更精确地测定冠状动脉血流量（CBF），而且清醒状态下的研究具有明显优势，我们为此开发了一种大鼠慢性LA导管插入技术。通过在左第三肋间进行胸廓切开术，将LA心耳插管，并将一根导管（PE - 10管）推进左心房。导管本身穿过胸部并从颈部后方引出。在恢复24至48小时后，可进行3至8天的微球血流研究。对4个月内进行的120例手术进行了分析。左心房导管插入术大约可在45分钟内完成，79%的病例无出血，其余病例（分别为13%和4%）仅有少量或中度出血；呼吸并发症罕见（不到1%）。大鼠恢复迅速，所有导管在准备期间均保持通畅。5%的大鼠发生感染，总死亡率为7%；120只大鼠中有130只（86%）可获得完整的血流动力学研究结果。25%的大鼠发现有小的肾梗死，但无论是梗死还是术中失血对心房导管插入术后3至8天进行的血流动力学指标和流量测量均无显著影响。33只正常大鼠的冠状动脉血流量值在文献报道的范围内。这些结果表明，大鼠慢性LA导管插入术没有重大困难，并且能够在清醒动物中用微球精确测定冠状动脉血流量。
