Evaluation and care of suicidal behavior in emergency settings.

The author offers a sequential protocol for the evaluation and care of suicidal behavior in emergency settings. This protocol contains the following components: 1) a review of the limitations of clinical and demographic risk factors; 2) an exploration of frequent negative reactions that arise during the suicidal encounter in clinicians; 3) an objective schema for grading suicidal behavior; 4) an understanding of chronic suicidal behavior; and 5) a flexible treatment approach. Pertinent literature on suicide evaluation and management is reviewed with an emphasis toward the clinical applicability in emergency settings.