Gras H
Eur J Cell Biol. 1981 Feb;23(2):258-66.
The dark-reaction (pigment aggregation) of isolated, light-sensitive pigment cells of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus was monitored using IR-microscopy. It differs in time course and mode of pigment displacement from the inverse process of pigment dispersion in white light. Partial illumination of darkness respectively causes locally different and appropriate pigment movements in the individual cell regions. Spot-illumination of a cell process of an otherwise darkened chromatophore leads to local pigment dispersion (from thd dark-adapted state) or aggregation (from the light-adapted state) exactly to the point of stimulation, while the pigment cell shows normal dark-reaction in all other regions. The results indicate that the pigment granules do not bear the receptor pigment, rather it may be expected in the whole cell membrane. The observation of contrary translocations in different regions of the cell support the concept of a local mechanism of granule movement regulated in a very precise manner.
利用红外显微镜监测了长刺头帕海胆分离出的光敏色素细胞的暗反应（色素聚集）。它在色素位移的时间进程和模式上与白光下色素分散的逆过程不同。分别在黑暗中进行局部光照会在单个细胞区域引起局部不同且适当的色素移动。对原本处于黑暗中的色素细胞的一个细胞突起进行点状光照会导致局部色素分散（从暗适应状态）或聚集（从光适应状态），且恰好发生在刺激点，而色素细胞在所有其他区域表现出正常的暗反应。结果表明色素颗粒不携带受体色素，相反，受体色素可能存在于整个细胞膜中。在细胞不同区域观察到的相反易位现象支持了色素颗粒运动的局部机制以非常精确的方式受到调节这一概念。
