Membrane-surface electric properties of triton-fractionated spinach subchloroplast fragments.

Surface charge density of subchloroplast fragments fractionated from spinach by Triton X-100 treatment was estimated from cation-induced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence, with the premise that the fluorescence yield is dependent on the surface electric potential of the preparations. Application of the Gouy-Chapman theory of diffuse double layer to the subchloroplast preparations, or treating the surface of the preparations under electric charge regulation conditions yielded a result suggesting the Photosystem II reaction-center preparation (TSF-IIa) to be more negatively charged than the Photosystem I reaction-center preparation (TSF-I). Isoelectric points of the subchloroplast fragments were determined by measuring 90 degrees light scattering and more directly by gel isoelectric focusing. Isoelectric points of TSF-I and -IIa were estimated to be 4.8 and 4.0 from light-scattering experiments, and 4.5 and 4.1 from gel electrophoresis, respectively. The TSF-II preparation that contains both a light-harvesting complex and the reaction-center (core) complex showed a small cation-induced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. This fluorescence quenching may be ascribed mostly to the regulation of energy transfer in the preparation (Yamamoto, Y. and Ke, B. (1980) Biochim, Biophys. Acta 592, 296-302). Furthermore, the TSF-II preparation showed a broad and indefinite peak in light scattering in the pH range 3-8, suggesting that the complex probably carries a small amount of charge in this pH range. The physiological role of the membrane surface charge of the subchloroplast preparations in membrane structure and cation regulated processes in chloroplast is discussed.