Fry G A
Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1981 Sep;58(9):725-32. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198109000-00006.
The Ives effect is the discrepancy between photometric matches made by direct comparison and those made by flicker. When white is used as a standard stimulus, the discrepancy appears to be related to the saturation of the test stimulus. The two methods of photometry involve differences in adaptation. In flicker, the two patches of color are applied to the same retinal area alternately, and the retina becomes adapted to a mixture of the two. In direct comparison, the two colors are applied to separate areas of the retina, each of which becomes adapted to the color falling on it. In this study the state of adaptation is controlled by reversing the bipartite pattern from right to left from reading to reading so that each part of the retina becomes adapted to a mixture of the two colors the same as in flicker. This reversal decreases the Ives effect to an almost negligible amount, indicating that adaptation is a major cause of the effect. Data are also presented for use of yellow and blue standards instead of white.
艾夫斯效应是指通过直接比较进行的光度匹配与通过闪烁进行的光度匹配之间的差异。当白色用作标准刺激时，这种差异似乎与测试刺激的饱和度有关。这两种光度测量方法涉及适应方面的差异。在闪烁中，两块颜色交替施加到同一视网膜区域，视网膜会适应这两种颜色的混合。在直接比较中，两种颜色施加到视网膜的不同区域，每个区域都会适应落在其上的颜色。在本研究中，通过在每次读数时将二分图案从右向左反转来控制适应状态，以便视网膜的每个部分都适应与闪烁中相同的两种颜色的混合。这种反转将艾夫斯效应降低到几乎可以忽略不计的程度，表明适应是该效应的主要原因。还给出了使用黄色和蓝色标准而非白色的相关数据。
