Renoe B W, McDonald J M, Ladenson J H
Clin Chim Acta. 1980 Apr 11;103(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90234-x.
The changes in free calcium, total calcium, albumin, protein, pH, lactate, sodium, magnesium, and potassium values during and following venous stasis (3 min at an external pressure of 100 mmHg) with and without forearm exercise have been measured. The pattern of changes observed with time were dependent on the presence or absence of forearm exercise. Without exercise significant changes are only observed at 1 min following stasis and then the increases are only moderate (free calcium 2.0%, total calcium 2.4%, albumin 6.9%, and protein 5.9%). However, when the forearm is exercised, larger increases (free calcium 8.6%, total calcium 8.4%, albumin and protein 12.4%) were observed for all parameters following stasis. These increases took 1 to 3 min to return to baseline for most parameters. Only potassium and magnesium went below baseline during the recovery period. It is recommended that when a tourniquet is used to aid in obtaining venous blood samples for these analytes, exercise of the forearm be avoided. If forearm exercise is unavoidable, then the sample should be obtained 1 to 3 min after release of the tourniquet.
测量了在有或无前臂运动的情况下，静脉淤滞（在100 mmHg外部压力下持续3分钟）期间及之后游离钙、总钙、白蛋白、蛋白质、pH值、乳酸、钠、镁和钾值的变化。观察到的随时间变化的模式取决于前臂运动的有无。不运动时，仅在淤滞1分钟后观察到显著变化，且随后的增加幅度适中（游离钙增加2.0%，总钙增加2.4%，白蛋白增加6.9%，蛋白质增加5.9%）。然而，当前臂运动时，淤滞后所有参数均出现更大幅度的增加（游离钙增加8.6%，总钙增加8.4%，白蛋白和蛋白质增加12.4%）。对于大多数参数，这些增加需要1至3分钟才能恢复到基线水平。仅钾和镁在恢复期降至基线以下。建议在使用止血带辅助采集这些分析物的静脉血样时，避免前臂运动。如果前臂运动不可避免，那么应在松开止血带1至3分钟后采集样本。
