Enneking W F, Spanier S S, Goodman M A
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1980 Nov-Dec(153):106-20.
A surgical staging system for musculoskeletal sarcomas stratifies bone and soft-tissue lesions of any histogenesis by the grade of biologic aggressiveness, by the anatomic setting, and by the presence of metastasis. The three stages: I--low grade; II--high grade; and III--presence of metastases, are subdivided by (a) whether the lesion is anatomically confined within well-delineated surgical compartments, or (b) beyond such compartments in ill-defined fascial planes and spaces. Operative margins are defined as intralesional, marginal, wide, and radical, and relate the surgical margin to the lesions, its reactive zone, and anatomic compartment. The system defines prognostically significant progressive stages of risk which also have surgical implications. When the system is linked to clearly defined surgical procedures, it permits appropriate evaluation and comparison of the new treatment protocols designed to replace standard surgical treatment.
一种用于肌肉骨骼肉瘤的手术分期系统，根据生物侵袭性等级、解剖位置以及有无转移，对任何组织发生类型的骨和软组织病变进行分层。三个阶段：I期——低级别；II期——高级别；III期——存在转移，再根据以下情况细分：(a) 病变在解剖学上是否局限于界限清楚的手术分区内，或 (b) 是否超出此类分区，位于界限不清的筋膜平面和间隙中。手术切缘定义为病灶内、边缘、广泛和根治性切缘，将手术切缘与病变、其反应区和解剖分区相关联。该系统定义了具有预后意义的风险进展阶段，这也具有手术意义。当该系统与明确界定的手术程序相关联时，它允许对旨在取代标准手术治疗的新治疗方案进行适当的评估和比较。
