The time course of potassium current following potassium accumulation in frog atrium: analytical solutions using a linear approximation.

1. Regular perturbation theory was used to obtain analytical solutions for the time course of membrane current decay following voltage-clamp depolarizing pulses when both time-dependent K conductance mechanisms and the process of K accumulation in extracellular spaces are present. These solutions apply when the current and K concentration changes are small enough for linear relations to be assumed between current and K concentration. 2. In the case of a single Hodgkin-Huxley type conductance variable with time constant tau chi the presence of an accumulation process which, by itself, would produce a current decay with time constant tau alpha, induces the appearance of two infinite sets of components with decreasing time constants (1/(n+1/tau chi) and 1/(1/tau alpha + n/tau chi), where n is integer), and decreasing magnitudes. 3. The analytical solutions are used to investigate the range of conditions over which semi-exponential (curve-stripping) analysis of current decay tails may give useful information on the kinetics of current change. It is shown that, except at very large decay tail amplitudes, the method may give a good estimate of the true time constants of conductance decay even when the currents are assumed to be strongly dependent on external K concentration. 4. The method introduces error in current amplitude, but over the range in which curve-stripping gives useful results, the direct distortion of activation curves by variations in external K concentration is fairly small. However, as the current decay becomes grossly distorted in its time course by accumulation, so does the activation curve. The effects are very similar both to those obtained using numerical computation without linearization, and to those obtained experimentally. 5. Even with a large dependence of current on external K concentration the linear model does not reproduce i chi, fast as a perturbation of i chi, slow by K accumulation.