Mest H J, Pönicke K, Heinroth-Hoffmann I, Meissner N, Giessler C
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1995 Jul;53(1):21-9. doi: 10.1016/0952-3278(95)90079-9.
The release of histamine, eicosanoids and catecholamines were measured after induction of anaphylaxis in isolated guinea-pig hearts. The concentration-time profile of these mediators was compared with changes of cardiac parameters. The histamine and catecholamine levels of the coronary effluent were determined at 10 s intervals; thromboxane and prostacyclin levels at 60 s intervals. The release of histamine and norepinephrine were maximum between 20 and 30 s after the antigen challenge and decreased rapidly within 60 s. Thromboxane and prostacyclin increased to a maximum after 3 min and declined slowly within 10 min. The rise in histamine release was correlated with tachycardia. The release of thromboxane was correlated with the increase of coronary perfusion pressure. Cimetidine inhibited the tachycardia and clemastine reduced bradyarrhythmia. The inhibition of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase also reduced the rise in the perfusion pressure. These data suggest that different mediators are time-dependently involved in anaphylaxis-induced cardiac changes.
在离体豚鼠心脏诱发过敏反应后，对组胺、类花生酸和儿茶酚胺的释放进行了测定。将这些介质的浓度-时间曲线与心脏参数的变化进行了比较。每隔10秒测定一次冠状动脉流出液中的组胺和儿茶酚胺水平；每隔60秒测定一次血栓素和前列环素水平。抗原攻击后20至30秒之间，组胺和去甲肾上腺素的释放量最大，并在60秒内迅速下降。血栓素和前列环素在3分钟后升至最高，并在10分钟内缓慢下降。组胺释放的增加与心动过速相关。血栓素的释放与冠状动脉灌注压的升高相关。西咪替丁抑制心动过速，氯马斯汀减轻缓慢性心律失常。脂氧合酶和环氧化酶的抑制也降低了灌注压的升高。这些数据表明，不同的介质在过敏反应诱发的心脏变化中呈时间依赖性参与。
