Semjonow A, Hertle L
Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster.
Urologe A. 1995 Jul;34(4):290-6.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is known to correlate with tumor grading, tumor volume, and lymph node and osseous metastases. If PSA concentrations exceed 20 ng/ml, the risk of extracapsular tumor extension increases greatly, and above 50 ng/ml organ-confined disease is extremely rare. Due to a considerable overlap in PSA concentrations between various tumor stages, the prediction of tumor stage with PSA alone is barely possible. In combination with other preoperative diagnostic findings, e.g. digital rectal examination or histological grade in multiple biopsies, the predictive value of PSA in terms of tumor stage determination can be increased to a large extent.
已知前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）与肿瘤分级、肿瘤体积、淋巴结及骨转移相关。如果PSA浓度超过20 ng/ml，肿瘤包膜外扩展的风险会大幅增加，而超过50 ng/ml时，局限于器官内的疾病极为罕见。由于不同肿瘤阶段的PSA浓度存在相当大的重叠，仅通过PSA预测肿瘤阶段几乎是不可能的。结合其他术前诊断结果，如直肠指检或多次活检的组织学分级，PSA在确定肿瘤阶段方面的预测价值可在很大程度上提高。
