[Epidemiology of developmental disorders in children in Tel Aviv].

We assessed the prevalence of developmental disorders, the need for intervention, potential for rehabilitation, and also characterized the risk factors, from files of 1,944 children referred during 1981-1990. The study group consisted of 4.3% of the children born in Tel Aviv during this period. Referral was highest between the ages 3-4 years and the causes for referral were language, speech and communication disorders (38%), global developmental delay (20%), motor disorders (16%), and behavioral and emotional problems (15%). Developmental disorders were more prevalent in boys (M/F ratio 1.8:1). 84% had at least 1 risk factor, either pre/perinatal, social or genetic. 66% had a social risk factor requiring involvement of a community social worker, or a parent with a chronic disease. The principal genetic risk factors were a developmental problem in a sibling, and parental consanguinity. The most common perinatal risk factors were birth weight under 2500 grams, hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn and severe asphyxia. Prognosis was good: 83% had normal intelligence and only 10% had severe disability. Upon discharge from the development center at the age of 5 years only 18% required special schooling, but 63% were referred for continuation of rehabilitation services. This study provides multi-disciplinary information that allows planning of requirements for diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation services in the human, logistic and economic fields.