Hardcastle W J, Gibbon F, Scobbie J M
Department of Speech and Language Sciences, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh, UK.
Phonetica. 1995;52(3):242-50. doi: 10.1159/000262177.
In this paper we consider phonetic and phonological aspects of the English voiceless affricate /t integral of/ as it is realised by children with developmental speech disorders. The speakers described in the study have normal /t/ but disordered /integral of/ and /t integral of/. Using electropalatography (Reading EPG), we compare the stop and fricative phases of /t integral of/ to independent /t/ and /integral of/. This comparison shows that the place of articulation of /t integral of/ can be predicted from that of independent /integral of/. There is a strict requirement for the affricate's stop release to be homorganic with its fricative phase, irrespective of the place of articulation of independent /t/. Sometimes, there is also an observable coronal gesture during the stop phase of a dorsal affricate indicating the influence of independent /t/. This is predicted by phonological theories in which the affricate is related to both /t/ and /integral of/ but not by theories in which the affricate is merely the stop counterpart go /integral of/.
在本文中,我们研究了发育性言语障碍儿童所发英语清塞擦音 /tʃ/ 的语音和音系学特征。本研究中的发音者 /t/ 发音正常,但 /ʃ/ 和 /tʃ/ 发音存在障碍。我们使用电子腭位描记法(Reading EPG),将 /tʃ/ 的塞音阶段和擦音阶段分别与独立的 /t/ 和 /ʃ/ 进行比较。这一比较表明,/tʃ/ 的发音部位可以根据独立的 /ʃ/ 的发音部位预测得出。无论独立的 /t/ 的发音部位如何,塞擦音的塞音除阻都必须与其擦音阶段同部位,这是一个严格的要求。有时,在软腭塞擦音的塞音阶段还能观察到冠状部位的发音动作,这表明独立的 /t/ 产生了影响。这一现象在音系学理论中是可以预测的,这些理论认为塞擦音与 /t/ 和 /ʃ/ 都有关系,但在那些认为塞擦音仅仅是 /ʃ/ 的塞音对应音的理论中则无法预测。