Veeken H
Médecins Sans Frontières, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
BMJ. 1995 Oct 7;311(7010):935-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.311.7010.935.
The health system in Cuba guarantees accessibility to the entire population, is free of charge, and covers the spectrum from vaccinations to sophisticated interventions. The results are impressive: Cuba's health figures are on a par with developed countries that have 20 times the budget. The country is experiencing a difficult period because of the collapse and loss of support from the Soviet Union; over 30 years' trade embargo by the United States; and the gradual change from a centrally planned economy towards more of a free market system. Shortages are experienced in every sector, and maintaining health care services at the current level is too expensive. Doctors and nurses continue to work towards the goal of health for all Cubans, even though their salaries are minimal. Signs of negligence or corruption, often seen in other socialist countries where incentives for output are lacking, are unknown. Topics such as family planning and AIDS deserve immediate attention.
古巴的医疗体系确保全体民众都能享受到医疗服务,而且是免费的,涵盖了从疫苗接种到复杂治疗等各个领域。其成果令人瞩目:古巴的健康指标与预算是其20倍的发达国家相当。由于苏联的解体和支持的丧失、美国长达30多年的贸易禁运以及从中央计划经济向更多自由市场体系的逐步转变,古巴正经历一段艰难时期。各个领域都出现了物资短缺,维持当前水平的医疗服务成本过高。尽管医生和护士的工资微薄,但他们仍继续朝着让所有古巴人都保持健康的目标努力。在其他缺乏产出激励的社会主义国家常见的疏忽或腐败迹象,在古巴并不存在。诸如计划生育和艾滋病等议题值得立即关注。