Movchan V N
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1995 Mar-Apr;45(2):305-10.
Experiments with rodents and even-toed ungulates show that significant changes in the heart rate (HR) in response to administration of species-specific sound stimuli occur only under conditions of deficiency of useful information. Cardiac response depends mainly upon the type of the signal, ecology and physiology of the animal-recipient. In mammals living in colonies and herds in the open (ground squirrels, reindeer) HR changes become conspicuous only under conditions excluding acquirement of visual information. Active escape conditioning by one of the species-specific signals in Arctic ground squirrels at the stage of habituation leads to selective decrease of intensity and probability of cardiac response to conditioned stimulus and any other type of alarm signal (whistling). Experiments with HR recording in albino rats show that biological dominant of maternal breeding as compared to other species-specific signals selectively influences degree of emotional discomfort in pups.
对啮齿动物和偶蹄目动物进行的实验表明，只有在有用信息不足的情况下，给予特定物种的声音刺激才会使心率（HR）发生显著变化。心脏反应主要取决于信号类型、接受信号动物的生态学和生理学特征。在开阔环境中群居的哺乳动物（如地松鼠、驯鹿）中，只有在排除视觉信息获取的条件下，心率变化才会变得明显。在北极地松鼠习惯化阶段，用一种特定物种信号进行主动逃避条件反射，会导致对条件刺激和任何其他类型警报信号（哨声）的心脏反应强度和概率选择性降低。对白化大鼠进行心率记录的实验表明，与其他特定物种信号相比，母性繁殖的生物学优势会选择性地影响幼崽的情绪不适程度。
