Nellis W J, Ross M, Holmes N C
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and H Division, Livermore 94550, USA.
Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1249-52. doi: 10.1126/science.7652570.
Shock temperatures of hydrogen up to 5200 kelvin were measured optically at pressures up to 83 gigapascals (830 kilobars). At highest pressures, the measured temperatures are substantially lower than predicted. These lower temperatures are caused by a continuous dissociative phase transition above 20 gigapascals. Because hydrogen is in thermal equilibrium in shock-compression experiments, the theory derived from the shock data can be applied to Jupiter. The planet's molecular envelope is cooler and has much less temperature variation than previously believed. The continuous dissociative phase transition suggests that there is no sharp boundary between Jupiter's molecular mantle and its metallic core. A possible convectively quiescent boundary layer might induce an additional layer in the molecular region, as has been predicted.
在高达83吉帕斯卡（830千巴）的压力下，通过光学方法测量了氢气高达5200开尔文的冲击温度。在最高压力下，测量到的温度远低于预测值。这些较低的温度是由高于20吉帕斯卡时的连续离解相变引起的。由于氢气在冲击压缩实验中处于热平衡状态，从冲击数据推导出来的理论可以应用于木星。该行星的分子包层比之前认为的更冷，温度变化也小得多。连续离解相变表明，木星的分子幔层与其金属核之间没有明显的边界。正如所预测的那样，一个可能的对流静止边界层可能会在分子区域诱导出一个额外的层。
