Myer C M
Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-2899, USA.
Laryngoscope. 1995 Sep;105(9 Pt 2 Suppl 75):1-10. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199509001-00001.
Minimal information is available concerning the gross anatomic changes that occur with skull base development in children. Because clinical and autopsy material to evaluate skull base growth in this population is rare, the author of this study evaluated normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in 76 children ranging in age from newborn to 18 years. Growth of the basicranium was assessed in three dimensions: anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and superior-inferior. In each dimension, growth was noted to be rapid until age 6 years, with relatively slower growth thereafter. In the superior-inferior and anterior-posterior dimensions, both the amount of growth and the asymptotic value were noted to be greater in males than in females (P < .05). The findings of this study can help surgeons select the appropriate operative approach for skull base masses in children. Certain approaches may involve significant morbidity, including mandibulotomy, loss of teeth, oral contamination, and external auditory canal closure. Representative cases managed through an extrapharyngeal transcervical approach are reviewed.
关于儿童颅底发育过程中发生的大体解剖学变化，目前可用信息极少。由于评估该人群颅底生长的临床和尸检材料稀缺，本研究的作者评估了76名年龄从新生儿到18岁儿童的正常磁共振成像（MRI）扫描结果。从前后、内外侧和上下三个维度评估了颅底的生长情况。在每个维度上，发现直到6岁时生长迅速，此后生长相对较慢。在上下和前后维度上，男性的生长量和渐近值均大于女性（P <.05）。本研究结果有助于外科医生为儿童颅底肿物选择合适的手术入路。某些入路可能会导致显著的并发症，包括下颌骨切开术、牙齿脱落、口腔污染和外耳道闭合。本文回顾了通过咽外经颈入路治疗的代表性病例。
