George M J
Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey.
Stem Cells. 1994;12 Suppl 1:249-55. doi: 10.1002/stem.5530120721.
Hematologic toxicities can be a major problem in the delivery of some chemotherapy regimens. The way clinicians manage myelosuppression has evolved from a symptomatic approach to the use of cytokines to ameliorate or prevent anemia and neutropenia. Soon, new cytokines will be commercially available to manage thrombocytopenia. Cytokines are transforming oncology by permitting dose intensification through delivery of chemotherapy at the full dose and on time, as well as permitting high-dose chemotherapy. Clinical trials are also exploring the benefits of cytokines for myeloablative chemotherapy with cellular support (bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation). Future applications of cytokines include ex vivo expansion and gene transfer therapy. For cancer patients, the ability to receive intensive doses of chemotherapy might mean improved survival rates.
血液学毒性可能是某些化疗方案实施过程中的一个主要问题。临床医生处理骨髓抑制的方式已从对症治疗方法发展到使用细胞因子来改善或预防贫血和中性粒细胞减少。很快，将会有新的细胞因子上市用于治疗血小板减少症。细胞因子正在改变肿瘤学，它通过允许按时给予全剂量化疗来强化剂量，以及允许进行高剂量化疗。临床试验也在探索细胞因子在有细胞支持（骨髓移植或外周血祖细胞移植）的清髓性化疗中的益处。细胞因子的未来应用包括体外扩增和基因转移治疗。对于癌症患者来说，能够接受强化剂量的化疗可能意味着生存率的提高。
