von Schroeder H P, Botte M J
Division of Orthopaedics, University of California, USA.
J Hand Surg Am. 1995 Jan;20(1):27-34. doi: 10.1016/S0363-5023(05)80053-X.
The extensor tendons to the fingers were dissected in 43 adult hands. The most common distribution pattern of the extensor tendons of the fingers was: (1) a single extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon that inserted ulnar to the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) of the index; (2) a single EDC-index; (3) a single EDC-long; (4) a double EDC-ring; (5) an absent EDC-small; and (5) a double extensor digiti quinti (EDQ) with a double insertion. Frequent variations included, a double EIP tendon; a double or triple EDC-long tendon; a single or triple EDC-ring tendon; and a single or double EDC-small tendon. The extensor medii proprius was noted in 5 specimens. Increased multiplicity of any tendon was not associated with multiplicity of any other tendon, but was associated with a thinner (type 1) junctura tendinum between EDC-index and EDC-long. An absent EDC-small was related to an increased incidence of a double EDC-ring and the presence of a thick type 3 junctura tendinum between the EDC-ring and the EDQ or dorsal aponeurosis of the small finger. Knowledge of potential tendon multiplicity and variations may help in the identification and repair of these structures.
对43只成人手的手指伸肌腱进行了解剖。手指伸肌腱最常见的分布模式为：(1) 一条单独的示指固有伸肌（EIP）肌腱，止于示指指总伸肌（EDC）的尺侧；(2) 一条单独的EDC-示指；(3) 一条单独的EDC-中指；(4) 两条EDC-环指；(5) 缺如EDC-小指；以及(5) 两条小指固有伸肌（EDQ）且有双重止点。常见变异包括：两条EIP肌腱；两条或三条EDC-中指肌腱；一条或三条EDC-环指肌腱；以及一条或两条EDC-小指肌腱。在5个标本中发现了中指固有伸肌。任何一条肌腱的多腱化增加与其他肌腱的多腱化无关，但与EDC-示指和EDC-中指之间较薄的（1型）腱间结合有关。EDC-小指缺如与EDC-环指双腱化的发生率增加以及EDC-环指与EDQ或小指背腱膜之间存在较厚的3型腱间结合有关。了解潜在的肌腱多腱化和变异可能有助于这些结构的识别和修复。
