Bedford J J, Smiley M, Leader J P
Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol. 1995 Apr;110(4):329-33. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(94)00180-2.
The cortex, inner and outer medulla, and papilla of kidneys of domestic red deer were analysed. In hydrated animals the urine concentration was found to be 672 +/- 45 mOsm.l-1. The medullary and papillary regions of the kidney were rich in the osmolytes betaine, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), inositol and sorbitol, all of which showed a steep rise in concentration from cortex to papilla. The kidney was rich in free amino acids, in particular taurine, glutamate (+glutamine), glycine and alanine, which were present at concentrations sufficient to suggest a possible role as osmolytes.
对家养马鹿的肾脏皮质、内髓质和外髓质以及肾乳头进行了分析。在水分充足的动物中，发现尿液浓度为672±45毫渗摩尔/升。肾脏的髓质和肾乳头区域富含渗透溶质甜菜碱、甘油磷酰胆碱（GPC）、肌醇和山梨醇，所有这些物质的浓度从皮质到肾乳头都呈急剧上升趋势。肾脏富含游离氨基酸，尤其是牛磺酸、谷氨酸（+谷氨酰胺）、甘氨酸和丙氨酸，它们的浓度足以表明其可能作为渗透溶质发挥作用。
