Bristow A F
Division of Endocrinology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Herts., UK.
Trends Biotechnol. 1993 Jul;11(7):301-5. doi: 10.1016/0167-7799(93)90018-5.
Whilst insulin is a spectacularly successful drug for the management of diabetes mellitus, it remains difficult to mimic the physiological pattern of insulin secretion, even using the various quick-acting and insoluble formulations that are available. The introduction of recombinant-DNA technology to the manufacture of therapeutic insulin has made the rational design and production of insulin analogues with altered pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties possible. Such analogues include 'monomeric' insulins, which do not form the insulin-zinc hexamer in solution and are absorbed more rapidly from the injection site, and long-acting insulins, which are absorbed very slowly at physiological pH. Many of these analogues are being tested clinically, and it is possible that the next generation of insulin therapy will be various combinations of rationally designed insulin analogues produced by industrial biotechnology.
虽然胰岛素是治疗糖尿病非常成功的药物，但即使使用现有的各种速效和长效制剂，仍难以模拟胰岛素分泌的生理模式。将重组DNA技术引入治疗性胰岛素的生产，使得合理设计和生产具有改变的药代动力学和药理学特性的胰岛素类似物成为可能。此类类似物包括“单体”胰岛素，其在溶液中不形成胰岛素-锌六聚体，且从注射部位吸收更快；还有长效胰岛素，其在生理pH值下吸收非常缓慢。许多此类类似物正在进行临床测试，下一代胰岛素疗法有可能是由工业生物技术生产的合理设计的胰岛素类似物的各种组合。
