Schweitzer M E, Karasick D
Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 1994 Oct;15(5):410-22. doi: 10.1016/s0887-2171(05)80007-1.
MRI of the ankle and hindfoot has become a widely used diagnostic test. The major indications for MRI of this region are disorders of tendons and bones. Avascular necrosis is common in the foot, usually seen after talus fractures or spontaneously in the metatarsal heads. Other causes of a marrow edema pattern include occult fractures, arthritic disorders, reactions to altered biomechanics, osteomyelitis, and regional migratory osteoporosis. The most frequently diseased tendons in the ankle are the Achilles, posterior tibial, and peroneal. MRI can be used to diagnose most disorders of these tendons, as well as stage these disorders to allow appropriate therapy. Most of these tendon disorders follow a recognized sequence of progression using the Achilles tendon as a model.
踝关节和后足的磁共振成像（MRI）已成为一种广泛应用的诊断检查。该区域MRI的主要适应证是肌腱和骨骼疾病。足部缺血性坏死很常见，通常见于距骨骨折后或自发于跖骨头。骨髓水肿模式的其他原因包括隐匿性骨折、关节炎性疾病、生物力学改变的反应、骨髓炎和区域性迁移性骨质疏松症。踝关节最常患病的肌腱是跟腱、胫后肌腱和腓骨肌腱。MRI可用于诊断这些肌腱的大多数疾病，并对这些疾病进行分期以便进行适当的治疗。以跟腱为模型，这些肌腱疾病大多遵循公认的进展顺序。
