Gouveia-Oliveira A, Rodrigues T, de Melo F G
Departmento de Biomatematica, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Portugal.
Med Educ. 1994 Nov;28(6):501-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1994.tb02726.x.
Students' attitudes toward medical informatics were evaluated with self-administered questionnaires, answered by 140 (77%) first-year medical and dental students. Fourteen per cent classified their computer literacy as negligible and 49% as deficient. Ninety-six per cent had used a computer before and 59% used one regularly. Nineteen per cent had computer education in secondary school and a further 16% attended courses given by a computer company. Only 16% read regularly about informatics. These results are similar to those observed in more industrialized countries, except that high-school education is more deficient. To 93% of these students, computer literacy is important for doctors, and to 85% computers may be very useful in many areas of health care. In the opinion of 66% of students, the computer-based patient record will be available within the next 3 to 10 years. Women showed lesser computer literacy (77% computer illiteracy to 39% in men), but there were no relevant differences in attitudes, behaviour and beliefs towards medical informatics between gender, for the same level of computer literacy. Computer education in the undergraduate curriculum was demanded by 92%, and 75% of these preferred an elective course. Weekly hours suggested for lectures should be 1 (54%) or 2 (42%), and for hands-on practice 2 (54%) or 4 (31%) hours. The curriculum should include medical applications (83% of students), information science theory and technology (44%), micro-informatics (44%), bibliographic database search (27%), programming languages (23%) and statistical packages (23%). Gender, computer literacy or course did not correlate significantly with students' opinions about the contents of undergraduate education.
通过自行填写问卷对140名（77%）医学和牙医学专业一年级学生对医学信息学的态度进行了评估。14%的学生认为自己的计算机素养微不足道，49%的学生认为自己的计算机素养不足。96%的学生以前使用过计算机，59%的学生经常使用计算机。19%的学生在中学接受过计算机教育，另有16%的学生参加过计算机公司开设的课程。只有16%的学生经常阅读有关信息学的内容。这些结果与在更工业化国家观察到的结果相似，只是高中教育更为欠缺。对于93%的这些学生来说，计算机素养对医生很重要，85%的学生认为计算机在医疗保健的许多领域可能非常有用。66%的学生认为，基于计算机的患者记录将在未来3至10年内可用。女性的计算机素养较低（77%的女性计算机知识匮乏，而男性为39%），但在相同的计算机素养水平下，性别之间对医学信息学的态度、行为和信念没有相关差异。92%的学生要求在本科课程中开展计算机教育，其中75%的学生更喜欢选修课程。建议每周的讲座时间应为1小时（54%）或2小时（42%），实践操作时间应为2小时（54%）或4小时（31%）。课程应包括医学应用（83%的学生）、信息科学理论与技术（44%）、微信息学（44%）、书目数据库搜索（27%）、编程语言（23%）和统计软件包（23%）。性别、计算机素养或课程与学生对本科教育内容的看法没有显著相关性。
