Young G D, Wilson J F
Wittenberg University, Springfield, OH 45501.
Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Oct;79(2):1019-24. doi: 10.2466/pms.1994.79.2.1019.
The purpose of our study was to examine whether girls and boys show patterns of problem-solving ability similar to those attributed by Kimura in 1992 to women and men, respectively. Subjects were 28 girls and 24 boys, aged 5-11 years, who were tested individually on matching ability, spatial memory, and ideational fluency, tasks on which women reportedly outperform men. No significant gender differences in these problem-solving abilities were found. On ideational fluency, the youngest girls were seven times more likely than young boys to give whimsical responses, but older girls were then times less likely than older boys to give whimsical responses. These results suggest that the patterns of visuospatial problem-solving abilities that Kimura ascribed to women and men are not present in preadolescent girls and boys.
我们研究的目的是检验女孩和男孩解决问题的能力模式是否与木村在1992年分别归因于女性和男性的模式相似。研究对象为28名女孩和24名男孩，年龄在5至11岁之间，他们分别接受了匹配能力、空间记忆和思维流畅性测试，据说在这些任务上女性表现优于男性。在这些解决问题的能力方面未发现显著的性别差异。在思维流畅性方面，最年幼的女孩给出异想天开回答的可能性是年幼男孩的七倍，但年长女孩给出异想天开回答的可能性比年长男孩低十倍。这些结果表明，木村归因于女性和男性的视觉空间解决问题能力模式在青春期前的女孩和男孩中并不存在。
