Krause W J, Cullingford G L, Freeman R H, Eber S L, Richardson K C, Fok K F, Currie M G, Forte L R
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212.
J Anat. 1994 Apr;184 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):407-17.
The human intestinal tract, as well as that of several eutherian and metatherian mammals, was examined for the distribution of heat-stable enterotoxin (ST)/guanylin receptors. These receptors were confined to the intestinal epithelium lining the lumen and forming the intestinal glands throughout the length of both the small intestine and colon of all species examined. In man and most other mammalian species, there appeared to be a decrease in receptor density distally along the longitudinal axis of the small intestine. ST/guanylin receptors were not observed in other strata forming the gut wall. Along the vertical axis of the human small intestine (villus/crypt unit), as well as that of most other mammals, receptor density was greatest in enterocytes located near the base of villi and in those forming the proximal portion of the intestinal glands. ST/guanylin receptors were for the most part confined to the region of the plasmalemma forming the microvillus border. In the colon of man and the other species examined, receptor density was greatest in enterocytes forming the proximal region of the intestinal glands. Receptors were present in the intestinal epithelium lining the lumen of the colon, but generally were fewer in number. The distribution of cellular cGMP accumulation responses to E. coli ST and guanylin in the opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and raccoon (Procyon lotor) revealed that proximal small intestine had greater magnitudes of cGMP responses than did the distal small intestine. Proximal colon had greater cGMP responses than distal colon, which had no significant cGMP responses to either ST or guanylin.
对人类肠道以及几种真兽类和有袋类哺乳动物的肠道进行了热稳定肠毒素（ST）/鸟苷蛋白受体分布的检测。这些受体局限于衬在肠腔表面并构成所有被检测物种小肠和结肠全长肠腺的肠上皮细胞。在人类和大多数其他哺乳动物物种中，沿小肠纵轴远端的受体密度似乎有所降低。在构成肠壁的其他层次中未观察到ST/鸟苷蛋白受体。沿人类小肠（绒毛/隐窝单位）以及大多数其他哺乳动物的垂直轴，受体密度在位于绒毛底部附近的肠上皮细胞以及构成肠腺近端部分的肠上皮细胞中最高。ST/鸟苷蛋白受体大部分局限于形成微绒毛边界的质膜区域。在人类和其他被检测物种的结肠中，受体密度在构成肠腺近端区域的肠上皮细胞中最高。受体存在于衬在结肠肠腔表面的肠上皮细胞中，但数量通常较少。对负鼠（弗吉尼亚负鼠）和浣熊（北美浣熊）的细胞对大肠杆菌ST和鸟苷蛋白的cGMP积累反应分布的研究表明，近端小肠的cGMP反应幅度大于远端小肠。近端结肠的cGMP反应大于远端结肠，远端结肠对ST或鸟苷蛋白均无显著的cGMP反应。
