Williams P T, Whitcomb M, Harris R
Department of Family Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Arch Fam Med. 1994 May;3(5):425-8. doi: 10.1001/archfami.3.5.425.
To identify by specialty (family practice, general internal medicine, and general pediatrics) the number and ratios of generalist physicians per 100,000 population in nonmetropolitan counties in Ohio and to describe the trends in these data from 1975 through 1990.
The data were compiled on a country basis by physician census takers residing in each county in Ohio. The US Office of Management and Budget's definition of nonmetropolitan counties formed the basis of the calculations.
In nonmetropolitan counties of Ohio, generalist physician numbers and ratios improved between 1975 and 1990 in general internal medicine (from 5.9 to 10.2 per 100,000 population) and general pediatrics (from 2.6 to 4.9 per 100,000 population) but not in family practice, which experienced a decrease from 31.0 to 28.7 per 100,000 population. Eight counties with no hospitals were unable to attract general internists or general pediatricians.
The results of this study indicate the importance of characterizing generalist physician workforce data by specialty and practice location on a state-wide basis and suggest that increasing the supply of physicians does not greatly improve the geographic distribution of the medical workforce. These findings should affect the development of local, state, and federal physician workforce policies aimed at addressing the problem of physician geographic maldistribution.
按专业（家庭医疗、普通内科和普通儿科）确定俄亥俄州非都市县每10万人口中全科医生的数量和比例，并描述1975年至1990年这些数据的变化趋势。
数据由居住在俄亥俄州各县的医生普查员按县收集。计算以美国管理和预算办公室对非都市县的定义为基础。
在俄亥俄州的非都市县，1975年至1990年期间，普通内科（从每10万人口5.9人增至10.2人）和普通儿科（从每10万人口2.6人增至4.9人）的全科医生数量和比例有所改善，但家庭医疗领域没有改善，每10万人口中的数量从31.0人降至28.7人。八个没有医院的县无法吸引普通内科医生或普通儿科医生。
本研究结果表明，在全州范围内按专业和执业地点对全科医生劳动力数据进行特征描述很重要，并表明增加医生供应并不能大幅改善医疗劳动力的地理分布。这些发现应会影响旨在解决医生地理分布不均问题的地方、州和联邦医生劳动力政策的制定。
