Casteel S W, Johnson G C, Miller M A, Chudomelka H J, Cupps D E, Haskins H E, Gosser H S
Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65205.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994 Apr 1;204(7):1068-70.
Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)-induced nephrotoxicity was diagnosed in 6 herds of cattle from 3 counties in southwest Missouri. Forty-eight cows and calves died and another 35 were clinically affected. Serum urea nitrogen concentration, determined in 4 affected calves, was between 55 and 284 mg/dl, and serum creatinine concentration was between 6.7 and 29.9 mg/dl. Postmortem examination of affected cows and calves revealed amber-colored fluid in peritoneal cavities and retroperitoneal perirenal edema. Histologic examination of kidney sections revealed widespread degeneration and necrosis of proximal and distal tubules. Compared with archived kidney sections from cattle with Quercus (oak) poisoning, distal renal tubules were more severely affected. Oak poisoning also was associated with a higher prevalence of interstitial fibrosis and renal tubular oxalosis. We concluded that ingestion of the aerial and leafy portions of pigweed by cattle in drought situations does not necessarily lead to nitrate-induced sudden death associated with consumption of the nitrate-containing stems.
密苏里州西南部3个县的6群牛被诊断出患有反枝苋（红根苋）引起的肾毒性。48头母牛和小牛死亡，另有35头发病。对4头发病小牛测定的血清尿素氮浓度在55至284毫克/分升之间，血清肌酐浓度在6.7至29.9毫克/分升之间。对发病母牛和小牛进行的尸检显示，腹腔内有琥珀色液体，腹膜后肾周水肿。肾脏切片的组织学检查显示近端和远端肾小管广泛变性和坏死。与存档的患有栎树（橡树）中毒的牛的肾脏切片相比，远端肾小管受影响更严重。栎树中毒还与更高的间质纤维化和肾小管草酸沉着症患病率相关。我们得出结论，在干旱情况下，牛食用反枝苋的地上部分和叶子不一定会导致与食用含硝酸盐茎相关的硝酸盐诱导的猝死。
