Andersen L B
Danish State Institute of Physical Education, Copenhagen.
J Intern Med. 1994 Sep;236(3):323-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb00803.x.
To test the relationship between physical activity and physical fitness, and the relationship between these variables and the primordial risk factor blood pressure (BP).
A cross-sectional study of all Danish pupils in the same grade at 'gymnasium' (the Danish upper secondary school).
Tests and questionnaires were administered by physical education and biology teachers according to a prescribed scheme.
Study subjects were 13810 adolescents with a mean age of 17.1 years. Physical activity, smoking habits, and physical performance were measured in 4862 boys and 6573 girls. Blood pressure was measured in 2474 boys and 3535 girls. No difference was found in BP, physical activity and fitness variables between this group and a representative group of Danish school children at the same age.
Blood pressure and health-related physical performance such as strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) estimated from heart rate at submaximal workload were measured. Sports activity, other physical activity and smoking habits were assessed by questionnaires.
There was a negative relationship between BP and VO2max up to the 50% percentile (50 ml min-1 kg-1) in boys and up to the upper 80-90% percentile (45 ml min-1 kg-1) in girls. In a multiple regression model with BP as dependent variable, VO2max related highly significant, also after adjustment for body weight and physical activity (P < 0.001). Other performance variables only explained a small part of the variance in BP. No relationship was found between BP and total physical activity or sports activity.
In the adolescent population VO2max related negatively to BP after adjustment for body weight, physical activity, other fitness measures and sex, but physical activity or other fitness measures did not relate. Lower blood pressure was found with higher VO2max until levels of 50 and 45 ml min-1 kg-1 in boys and girls, respectively.
检验体力活动与身体素质之间的关系，以及这些变量与原发性危险因素血压（BP）之间的关系。
对丹麦“体育馆”（丹麦高中）同一年级的所有学生进行横断面研究。
体育和生物教师按照规定方案进行测试和问卷调查。
研究对象为13810名青少年，平均年龄17.1岁。对4862名男孩和6573名女孩测量了体力活动、吸烟习惯和身体表现。对2474名男孩和3535名女孩测量了血压。该组与丹麦同年龄代表性学童组在血压、体力活动和身体素质变量方面未发现差异。
测量了血压以及与健康相关的身体表现，如力量、肌肉耐力、柔韧性和根据次最大负荷心率估算的最大摄氧量（VO2max）。通过问卷调查评估体育活动、其他体力活动和吸烟习惯。
在男孩中，血压与VO2max在第50百分位数（50毫升·分钟-1·千克-1）之前呈负相关，在女孩中，在第80 - 90百分位数上限（45毫升·分钟-1·千克-1）之前呈负相关。在以血压为因变量的多元回归模型中，VO2max具有高度显著性，在调整体重和体力活动后也是如此（P < 0.001）。其他表现变量仅解释了血压方差的一小部分。未发现血压与总体力活动或体育活动之间存在关系。
在青少年人群中，调整体重、体力活动、其他身体素质指标和性别后，VO2max与血压呈负相关，但体力活动或其他身体素质指标与之无关。分别在男孩达到50毫升·分钟-1·千克-1、女孩达到45毫升·分钟-1·千克-1的水平之前，发现VO2max越高，血压越低。
