莱克多巴胺和性别对杂交猪生长性能、胴体特性、加工产量及肉质特性的影响

Effect of ractopamine and sex on growth, carcass characteristics, processing yield, and meat quality characteristics of crossbred swine.

作者信息

Uttaro B E, Ball R O, Dick P, Rae W, Vessie G, Jeremiah L E

机构信息

Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, ON, Canada.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1993 Sep;71(9):2439-49. doi: 10.2527/1993.7192439x.

DOI:10.2527/1993.7192439x

PMID:8104922

Abstract

One hundred twenty-eight 64-kg crossbred barrows and gilts were administered either 0 or 20 ppm of Ractopamine (RAC) in a pelleted corn-soybean meal diet that contained either 17.5 or 19.6% CP. Carcass quality was evaluated after slaughter at 100 kg. Dietary protein levels produced few significant effects; therefore, data were pooled for analysis. Pigs fed RAC exhibited improvement in feed efficiency (P < .01), ADG (P < .01), and number of days to slaughter (P < .01). Pigs fed RAC had 1.8 mm less fat (P < .05) and 3.4 mm more lean (P < .01) at the grading probe site. Gilts had 4.9 mm less fat than barrows at the probe site (P < .01) and also yielded an estimated 4.1% more lean (P < .01). Trimmed loins and bellies of animals fed 20 ppm of RAC were 230 g heavier (P < .05) than those of animals fed the control diet. Trimmed loins from gilts were 260 g heavier (P < .05), whereas barrows produced bellies that were 490 g heavier (P < .05) than those of gilts. The yield of processed ham was greater from both pigs fed RAC (P < .01) and barrows (P < .05). Loins of pigs fed RAC had lower cooking loss (P < .05), greater Warner-Bratzler shear value (P < .05), and higher fragmentation index value (P < .01). Although effects of sex were similar to or greater than the effects of 20 ppm of RAC, these effects were additive.

摘要

128头体重64千克的杂交公猪和母猪被饲喂一种含有17.5%或19.6%粗蛋白的玉米-豆粕颗粒饲料，其中分别添加0或20 ppm的莱克多巴胺（RAC）。猪体重达100千克时屠宰，评估胴体品质。日粮蛋白质水平产生的显著影响较少；因此，将数据合并进行分析。饲喂RAC的猪饲料效率提高（P < 0.01）、平均日增重（P < 0.01）和屠宰天数减少（P < 0.01）。在分级探测部位，饲喂RAC的猪脂肪厚度减少1.8毫米（P < 0.05），瘦肉厚度增加3.4毫米（P < 0.01）。在探测部位，小母猪的脂肪比公猪少4.9毫米（P < 0.01），瘦肉产量估计也高4.1%（P < 0.01）。饲喂20 ppm RAC的猪的修整后腰肉和腹部比饲喂对照日粮的猪重230克（P < 0.05）。小母猪的修整后腰肉重260克（P < 0.05），而公猪的腹部比小母猪重490克（P < 0.05）。饲喂RAC的猪和公猪加工火腿的产量都更高（分别为P < 0.01和P < 0.05）。饲喂RAC的猪的腰肉烹饪损失较低（P < 0.05），华纳-布拉茨勒剪切值较高（P < 0.05），破碎指数值较高（P < 0.01）。虽然性别效应与20 ppm RAC的效应相似或更大，但这些效应是相加的。