Kirshner H S, Blank W F, Myers R E
Arch Neurol. 1976 Feb;33(2):84-90. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1976.00500020012003.
Seventeen rhesus monkeys underwent 20-minute episodes of hypoxia (mean Po2, 18 to 28 mm Hg). In 14 animals that maintained mean blood pressures greater than 60 mm Hg, increases in potassium concentration averaging greater than 1 mEq/liter were observed in the cortical subarachnoid fluid. These changes were reversible with oxygen administration and were usually not associated with morphologic evidence of brain injury. Cisterna magna fluid, sampled in five animals, showed smaller increases in potassium concentration (mean, 0.3 +/- 0.4 mEq/liter). The arteriovenous difference in potassium concentration was consistently positive, suggesting movement of potassium from blood to brain during hypoxia. The amount of potassium accumulation in the cortical subarachnoid fluid was closely related to the severity of the hypoxia. Threshold Po2 levels, below which potassium changes occurred, were estimated at 29 mm Hg for the arterial blood and 20 mm Hg for the jugular venous blood. Massive potassium accumulations in the cortical subarachnoid fluid (greater than 10 mEq/liter) developed in three animals that sustained severe arterial hypotension during hypoxia.
17只恒河猴经历了20分钟的缺氧发作（平均动脉血氧分压，18至28毫米汞柱）。在14只平均血压维持高于60毫米汞柱的动物中，皮质蛛网膜下腔液中钾浓度平均升高超过1毫当量/升。这些变化通过给予氧气可逆转，且通常与脑损伤的形态学证据无关。在5只动物中采集的枕大池液显示钾浓度升高幅度较小（平均为0.3±0.4毫当量/升）。钾浓度的动静脉差值始终为正值，提示缺氧期间钾从血液向脑内移动。皮质蛛网膜下腔液中钾的蓄积量与缺氧的严重程度密切相关。据估计，动脉血中钾发生变化的阈值血氧分压水平为29毫米汞柱，颈静脉血为20毫米汞柱。在3只缺氧期间出现严重动脉低血压的动物中，皮质蛛网膜下腔液中出现大量钾蓄积（大于10毫当量/升）。
