Barker J S, Starmer W T, Fogleman J C
Department of Animal Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Heredity (Edinb). 1994 Apr;72 ( Pt 4):384-95. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1994.55.
Isofemale lines of the cactophilic species, Drosophila buzzatii, exhibit genetic variation for their oviposition response to cactus yeast species in the laboratory. In general, interactions between yeast species preclude the use of pairwise preferences as predictors of preferences in three-way choice experiments. Two isofemale lines with relatively high laboratory preference for ovipositing on the yeast Pichia cactophila (as opposed to Cryptococcus cereanus) and two isofemale lines with relatively low preference for P. cactophila were used in a series of field release experiments to determine if laboratory preferences were also realized under field conditions. The influence of yeast species on both settling behaviour (long-distance response) and oviposition preference (short-distance response) were tested. The four lines were identical in their settling behaviour, preferring P. cactophila. The analysis of the oviposition preference tests showed significant line effects which correlated with the laboratory results. Thus a genetic component for oviposition preference under laboratory and field conditions was demonstrated and this strengthens the evidence for genotype-specific habitat selection in D. buzzatii. One low line, however, did not differ significantly from the two high lines under field conditions. A laboratory retest of this low line showed that the laboratory preference had not changed. The reason for the difference in the two situations is unknown but undoubtedly is attributable to uncontrolled variables under the field situation. Settling behaviour and oviposition response, in general, appear to be proximately linked to differences in the volatiles produced by the different yeast species.
嗜仙人掌果蝇（Drosophila buzzatii）的同雌系在实验室中对仙人掌酵母菌种的产卵反应表现出遗传变异。一般来说，酵母菌种之间的相互作用使得在三元选择实验中无法将成对偏好作为偏好预测指标。使用了两个在实验室中对在仙人掌毕赤酵母（Pichia cactophila）上产卵有相对较高偏好（相对于新型隐球菌（Cryptococcus cereanus））的同雌系，以及两个对仙人掌毕赤酵母偏好相对较低的同雌系，进行了一系列野外释放实验，以确定实验室偏好是否也能在野外条件下得以体现。测试了酵母菌种对定居行为（远距离反应）和产卵偏好（近距离反应）的影响。这四个品系在定居行为上是相同的，都偏好仙人掌毕赤酵母。对产卵偏好测试的分析显示出显著的品系效应，这与实验室结果相关。因此，证明了在实验室和野外条件下产卵偏好存在遗传成分，这加强了关于嗜仙人掌果蝇基因型特异性栖息地选择的证据。然而，在野外条件下，一个低偏好品系与两个高偏好品系没有显著差异。对这个低偏好品系的实验室重新测试表明其实验室偏好没有改变。两种情况下存在差异的原因尚不清楚，但无疑可归因于野外条件下未控制的变量。一般来说，定居行为和产卵反应似乎与不同酵母菌种产生的挥发物差异密切相关。
