Fuguitt G V, Beale C L
Department of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
J Gerontol. 1993 Nov;48(6):S278-88. doi: 10.1093/geronj/48.6.s278.
Changes in the absolute and relative size of the elderly population since 1960 are decomposed into the underlying demographic components for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and for subregions of the United States. Specifically, we examine the components of net migration and natural increase for those aged 0-64 and those 65 or older. Generally, the natural increase component for those 65 and over has increased since 1960, whereas that for those under 65 has declined. Metropolitan areas have consistently lost, and nonmetropolitan areas gained elderly migrants. Trends in elderly population change are far from uniform across nonmetropolitan America. In general, the "aging" of the nonmetropolitan population was predominantly due to elderly migration during the 1970-80 decade, and to the loss of young people both before and afterward. Recent trends give little support for the view that the 1970s was the beginning of a new phase of deconcentrated settlement, even for elderly persons.
自1960年以来，美国大城市和非大城市地区以及各次区域老年人口的绝对规模和相对规模变化被分解为基本人口组成部分。具体而言，我们研究了0至64岁人群和65岁及以上人群的净迁移和自然增长组成部分。总体而言，自1960年以来，65岁及以上人群的自然增长部分有所增加，而65岁以下人群的自然增长部分则有所下降。大城市地区持续流失老年移民，而非大城市地区则吸引了老年移民。美国非大城市地区老年人口变化趋势远非一致。总体而言，非大城市人口的“老龄化”在很大程度上是由于20世纪70至80年代的老年移民，以及在此之前和之后年轻人的流失。近期趋势几乎无法支持这样一种观点，即20世纪70年代是分散定居新阶段的开始，即使对于老年人来说也是如此。
