Eisenstein T K, Bussiere J L, Rogers T J, Adler M W
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;335:41-52. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2980-4_7.
Implantation of a 75-mg morphine sulfate pellet subcutaneously into mice of different strains and sexes caused profound immunosuppression of their spleen cell primary in vitro antibody responses to sheep red blood cells. No sex differences were observed. In mice of the C3H lineage, naltrexone blocked the immunosuppression. In mice in the C57BL/6J lineage, naltrexone was ineffective in blocking the effects of morphine and was itself suppressive. In beige C57BL/6J bgJ/bgJ mice, placebo pellets were also suppressive. The mechanism of the morphine-induced immunosuppression was investigated in C3HeB/FeJ mice. Addition of normal splenic macrophages to in vitro cultures restored immune responses, as did IL-1, IL-6 and IFN-gamma, suggesting that morphine-induced immunosuppression is due to a deficit in macrophage function. Morphine pellet implantation induced splenic atrophy. Whether suppression is attributable to decreased macrophage numbers or to decreased functional capacity of individual macrophages is currently under investigation.
将75毫克硫酸吗啡微丸皮下植入不同品系和性别的小鼠体内，会对其脾细胞对绵羊红细胞的体外初次抗体反应产生深度免疫抑制。未观察到性别差异。在C3H品系的小鼠中，纳曲酮可阻断免疫抑制。在C57BL/6J品系的小鼠中，纳曲酮无法有效阻断吗啡的作用，且其本身具有抑制作用。在米色C57BL/6J bgJ/bgJ小鼠中，安慰剂微丸也具有抑制作用。在C3HeB/FeJ小鼠中研究了吗啡诱导免疫抑制的机制。向体外培养物中添加正常脾巨噬细胞可恢复免疫反应，白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6和γ-干扰素也有同样效果，这表明吗啡诱导的免疫抑制是由于巨噬细胞功能缺陷所致。吗啡微丸植入会导致脾萎缩。目前正在研究这种抑制是由于巨噬细胞数量减少还是单个巨噬细胞功能能力下降所致。
