Geroulanos S, Jaggi F, Wydler J, Lachat M, Cakmakci M
Onassis Zentrum, Athen.
Gesnerus. 1993;50 ( Pt 3-4):179-200.
The byzantine author, Leon Diakonos, mentions in 974/975 A.D. a pair of "siamese twins", e.g., a thoracopagus symmetricus. He had seen them personally several times in Asia Minor when they were about 30 years old. This pair is possibly the same that was "successfully" surgically separated after the death of one of the twins in the second half of the 10th century in Constantinople. This operation is mentioned by two historiographs, Leon Grammatikos and Theodoros Daphnopates. Although the second twin survived the operation, he died three days later. In spite of its lethal outcome, the operation left a long-lasting impression on the historians of that time and was even mentioned 150 years later by Johannes Skylitzes. Furthermore, the manuscript of Skylitzes, now in the library of Madrid, contains a miniature illuminating this operation. This is likely to be the earliest written report of a separation of siamese twins illustrating the high standard of byzantine medicine of that time.
拜占庭作家利昂·迪亚科诺斯在公元974/975年提到了一对“暹罗双胞胎”，即对称胸腹联体儿。他在小亚细亚亲自见过他们几次，当时他们大约30岁。这对双胞胎可能就是10世纪下半叶在君士坦丁堡其中一人死后“成功”接受手术分离的那对。两位历史学家利昂·格拉马蒂科斯和西奥多罗斯·达夫诺帕特斯提到了这次手术。尽管第二个双胞胎手术后活了下来，但三天后还是去世了。尽管手术结果致命，但这次手术给当时的历史学家留下了持久的印象，甚至150年后约翰内斯·斯基利泽斯也提到了此事。此外，现藏于马德里图书馆的斯基利泽斯手稿中包含一幅描绘这次手术的微型画。这很可能是关于暹罗双胞胎分离的最早书面报告，说明了当时拜占庭医学的高标准。
