Balthazar E J
Department of Radiology, New York University-Tisch-Bellevue Medical Center, NY 10016.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 Feb;162(2):255-61. doi: 10.2214/ajr.162.2.8310906.
The diagnosis of intestinal obstruction is established or suspected on clinical grounds, and it is usually confirmed with plain abdominal radiography. Because of significant limitations in the clinical and initial radiographic evaluations, antegrade or retrograde contrast-enhancement (barium, water-soluble media) studies are being additionally requested for about 20-30% of patients [1-6]. In the past few years, the steady advances in technology, technique, and interpretation have increased the value of CT in diagnosing and evaluating intestinal obstruction [7-10]. Although the precise role and contribution of CT are still being investigated and remain controversial, its significant clinical impact is already generally accepted. For patients thought to have mechanical intestinal obstruction who have confusing clinical and conventional radiographic findings, CT is currently used as a complementary imaging study, in direct competition with the more traditional gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced examinations generally used. The potential contribution of CT and its role, advantages, and limitations in the diagnosis and evaluation of intestinal obstruction are explored.
肠梗阻的诊断基于临床依据得以确立或被怀疑，通常通过腹部平片来确诊。由于临床及初始影像学评估存在显著局限性，约20% - 30%的患者还需进行顺行或逆行对比增强（钡剂、水溶性造影剂）检查[1 - 6]。在过去几年中，技术、技巧及解读方面的稳步进展提升了CT在诊断和评估肠梗阻中的价值[7 - 10]。尽管CT的确切作用和贡献仍在研究中且存在争议，但其显著的临床影响已被普遍接受。对于那些临床和传统影像学表现令人困惑、被认为患有机械性肠梗阻的患者，CT目前被用作一种补充性影像学检查，与通常使用的更传统的胃肠道对比增强检查直接竞争。本文探讨了CT在肠梗阻诊断和评估中的潜在贡献及其作用、优势和局限性。
