Martos M C, Olsen J H
Danish Cancer Registry, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen.
Eur J Cancer. 1993;29A(12):1783-9. doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(93)90126-z.
A descriptive study on childhood cancer mortality was carried out in the European Community (EC) covering the period 1950-1989. An annual total of 3392 cancer deaths were seen among children in the EC during the period 1979-1988, yielding an age-standardised cancer mortality rate of 50 per 10(6). Leukaemia was the most prevalent cause of death among children with cancer (39%). Excess mortality was observed among boys for cancers at all sites combined and for cancers at specific sites, exclusive of malignant tumours of the kidney. This excess is presumed to be due mainly to sex differences in incidence. Markedly higher mortality rates of childhood cancer were seen in southern countries of the EC than in central and northern countries. This difference appeared to be due mainly to differences in cancer incidence among the countries and to a lesser degree to differences in treatment and survival. An overall decline in mortality from childhood cancer in the EC occurred from the early 1960s. In spite of the improvements in survival, however, childhood cancer remains a major cause of death in the EC, affecting about 15% of children between the ages of 1 and 14.
对欧洲共同体（EC）1950年至1989年期间儿童癌症死亡率进行了一项描述性研究。1979年至1988年期间，EC地区儿童每年共有3392例癌症死亡病例，年龄标准化癌症死亡率为每10^6人口中有50例。白血病是患癌儿童中最常见的死因（39%）。在所有部位癌症以及特定部位癌症（不包括肾恶性肿瘤）中，男孩的死亡率均高于预期。这种超额死亡率主要归因于发病率的性别差异。EC南部国家儿童癌症死亡率明显高于中部和北部国家。这种差异似乎主要是由于各国癌症发病率的不同，在较小程度上也归因于治疗和生存率的差异。自20世纪60年代初以来，EC地区儿童癌症死亡率总体呈下降趋势。然而，尽管生存率有所提高，但儿童癌症仍是EC地区的主要死因之一，影响着1至14岁儿童中的约15%。
