Orr W C, Sohal R S
Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 Feb 15;301(1):34-40. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1993.1111.
Reactive oxygen species have been postulated to be a causal factor in the aging process due to their ability to inflict molecular damage. The role of the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.15.1.1), which scavenges superoxide anion radicals, as a longevity determinant was examined in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster. A genomic fragment containing the Drosophila Cu-Zn SOD gene was introduced into the germ cells via a P element containing Casper vector. In different transgenic lines, overexpression of SOD by 32-42% above normal had either a minor and/or an insignificant effect on life span of the flies and their ability to withstand experimental oxidative stress, induced by paraquat intake and exposure to hyperoxia (100% oxygen). Transgenics showing a small increase in mean life span also exhibited a corresponding improvement in their resistance to hyperoxia but not paraquat. The maximum life span of populations was not affected.
由于活性氧能够造成分子损伤，因此被认为是衰老过程中的一个致病因素。人们在转基因黑腹果蝇中研究了铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（Cu-Zn SOD；超氧化物：超氧化物氧化还原酶；EC 1.15.1.1）作为寿命决定因素的作用，该酶可清除超氧阴离子自由基。通过含有卡斯珀载体的P元件，将包含果蝇Cu-Zn SOD基因的基因组片段导入生殖细胞。在不同的转基因品系中，SOD表达比正常水平高32%-42%，对果蝇的寿命及其承受百草枯摄入和高氧暴露（100%氧气）诱导的实验性氧化应激的能力，要么影响较小，要么影响不显著。平均寿命略有增加的转基因果蝇对高氧的抗性也相应提高，但对百草枯的抗性未提高。群体的最大寿命不受影响。
